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Russian Czars - Peter I Alexeevich | 30.05.1672-28.01.1725
Peter I later called Peter the Great ascendedthe throne in 1682 at the age of ten together with his half - brother Ivan - the son of Czar Alexei Mikhailovich by the first marriage
After the death of Ivan in 1696 Peter became the autocrat and in 1721 was proclaimed `Emperor of Russia`.
The period of His reign completely changed the internal and external image of Russia. Powerful navy and army, industry and science emerged at that time, the Boyar duma (council of gentry) was substituted with Senate, a new capital Saint-Petersburg was founded. Russia consolidated its positions on the right bank of the Caspian Sea, and gaining control over the Azov and Baltic Seas became one of the greatest powers. The first Russian newspaper Vedomosty was published, the first Russian museum Kunstcamera was founded, the new calendar starting a new year on January 1 instead of September 1 as it used to be before was introduced. Even tradition to decorate a Cristmas tree goes back to the reign of Czar Peter I. Besides all of the above said he himself was anb extraordinary person. Being unusually tall (nearly 2 meters) for his time, abrupt, uick at losing temper, extreme in anger and joy Peter the Great remains one of the most controversial figures in Russian history. His reforms often met widespread opposition but it was very dangerous to show disaggreement. His son, Czarevich Alexis, was executed on suspiction of being disloyal to his fathers reforms.
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